Afforestation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no previous tree cover. Many governments and non- governmental organizations directly engage in programs of afforestation to create forests, increase carbon capture and carbon sequestration, and help to anthropogenically improve biodiversity. Gap dynamics are a typical characteristic of temperate and tropical forests, and have a wide variety of causes and effects on forest life. In areas of degraded soil. For example, in arid zones, once forest cover is destroyed, the land may dry and become inhospitable to new tree growth. ![]() ![]() And promote afforestation efforts throughout the country. Browse projects by Bank objectives or goals. Access our data via download or API. Cumulative Lending Commitments by Country (1947 onwards) 12,662 projects in 173 countries. Worldwide Afforestation ProgrammesOther factors include overgrazing by livestock, especially animals such as goats, cows, and over- harvesting of forest resources. Together these may lead to desertification and the loss of topsoil; without soil, forests cannot grow until the long process of soil creation has been completed - if erosion allows this. In some tropical areas, forest cover removal may result in a duricrust or duripan that effectively seal off the soil to water penetration and root growth. In many areas, reforestation is impossible because people are using the land. In other areas, mechanical breaking up of duripans or duricrusts is necessary, careful and continued watering may be essential, and special protection, such as fencing, may be needed. Countries and regions.
Share on Facebook; Tweet on Twitter; F. A detailed description about the training program — describe how it is building skills and knowledge of local stakeholders to advance conservation; A project. China reached the point where timber yields declined far below historic levels, due to over- harvesting of trees beyond sustainable yield. China is trying to correct these problems by projects as the Green Wall of China, which aims to replant a great deal of forests and halt the expansion of the Gobi desert. A law promulgated in 1. As a result, China has the highest afforestation rate of any country or region in the world, with 4. Studies reveal that the water table of those areas is becoming deeper indicating significant water loss. In 1. 95. 0 around 4. In 1. 98. 0 it increased to 6. India is covered by forest. It is taken care that only local species are planted in an area. Trees bearing fruits are preferred wherever possible due to their function as a food source. Hong Kong. During the Japanese occupation in the Second World War, the countryside was deforested as the remaining population required fuel to survive. Most of the trees were cut down and extensive reafforestation was carried out after the war. Trees that were planted are mostly non- native species, such as: Pinus massoniana, Acacia confusa (Formosan acacia), Lophostemon confertus and the Paper Bark Tree. Burkina Faso. After a crippling famine in the 1. Yacouba Sawadogo, a peasant farmer. This is a value reduced by an estimated six million hectares of virgin forest, which includes oak, almond and pistachio. Some projects have also been launched in countries as Senegal to revert desertification. As of 2. 01. 0, African leaders are discussing the combining of national resources to increase effectiveness. See Development aid#Effectiveness. Europe has deforested the majority of its historical forests. The European Union (EU) has paid farmers for afforestation since 1. Between 1. 99. 3 and 1. EU afforestation policies made possible the re- forestation of over 5,0. A second program, running between 2. A third such program began in 2. Europe's forests are growing by 0. Consequently, forested areas of Poland grew year by year, and on December 3. Polish forests). It is planned that by 2. Poland. According to Food and Agriculture Organization statistics, Spain had the third fastest afforestation rate in Europe in the 1. Iceland and Ireland. In 1. 99. 0, forests covered 2. Spanish territory. As of 2. 00. 7, that figure had risen to 3. Spain today has the fifth largest forest area in the European Union. Out of this has emerged much practical experience. One example is the Rotten group, . The projects range from large habitat restoration projects to local biodiversity projects. Thousands of Adelaide citizens have participated in community planting days. Sites include parks, reserves, transport corridors, schools, water courses and coastline. Only trees native to the local area are planted to ensure genetic integrity. Premier Rann said the project aimed to beautify and cool the city and make it more liveable; improve air and water quality and reduce Adelaide's greenhouse gas emissions by 6. C0. 2 a year. He said it was also about creating and conserving habitat for wildlife and preventing species loss. Nevertheless, areas in the US were subject to significant tree planting. In the 1. 80. 0s people moving westward encountered the Great Plains; land with fertile soil, a growing population and a demand for timber but with few trees to supply it. So tree planting was encouraged along homesteads. Arbor Day was founded in 1. Julius Sterling Morton in Nebraska City, Nebraska. By the 1. 93. 0s the environmental disaster, the Dust Bowl signified a reason for significant tree cover. Public work's programs under the New Deal saw the planting of 1. North Dakota to Texas to fight soil erosion (see Great Plains Shelterbelt). At their summit in Copenhagen in 2. UK based The Climate Group, leaders of sub- national governments - States, Regions and Provinces - unanimously supported a recommendation by Premier Rann to plant 1 billion trees across their varied jurisdictions. The initiative was strongly supported by leaders present including Quebec Premier Jean Charest, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Scottish First Minister Alex Salmond. At a subsequent meeting in Rio de Janeiro in June 2. The Climate Group announced that it had already received commitments by member governments to plant more than 5. Dictionaryofforestry. Dictionaryofforestry. Wilson, 2. 00. 2^G. A. Mc. Beath, 2. 00. English. people. com. JPost. com: Green Israel: People And The Environment. Retrieved December 1. Jewish National Fund, East 6. Street, NY 1. 00. USA. Retrieved 2. October 2. 01. 1. Jewish National Fund, East 6. Street, NY 1. 00. USA. Retrieved 2. October 2. 01. 1. Shaul Ephraim Cohen. The Other Side of Israel: My Journey Across the Jewish/Arab Divide. ISBN 9. 78- 0- 3. Gross, Tom (2. 00. Archived from the original on 2. Rainforests. mongabay. Retrieved 1. 3 June 2. Runoff Trends Driven by Climate and Afforestation in a Pyrenean Basin. Land Degradation & Development. DOI: 1. 0. 1. 00. Buendia C, Bussi G, Tuset J, Vericat D, Sabater S, Palau A, Batalla RJ. Effects of afforestation on runoff and sediment load in an upland Mediterranean catchment. Science of the total environment. DOI: 1. 0. 1. 01. Cattaneo, Andrea (2. Balancing Agricultural Development and Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon, Int Food Policy Res Inst IFPRI, 1. ISBN 0- 8. 96. 29- 1. Heil, Gerrit W., Bart Muys and Karin Hansen (2. Environmental Effects of Afforestation in North- Western Europe, Springer, 3. ISBN 1- 4. 02. 0- 4. Halldorsson G., Oddsdottir, ES and Sigurdsson BD (2. AFFORNORD Effects of Afforestation on Ecosystems, Landscape and Rural Development, Tema. Nord 2. 00. 8: 5. ISBN 9. 78- 9. 2- 8. Halldorsson G., Oddsdottir, ES and Eggertsson O (2. Effects of Afforestation on Ecosystems, Landscape and Rural Development. Proceedings of the AFFORNORD conference, Reykholt, Iceland, June 1.
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